|
CARDIOLOGY ONLINE NEWS |
 |
| 22nd WORLD CONGRESS ON HEART DISEASE |
|
VASCULOPROTECTIVE ROLE OF NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE RECEPTOR C
Madhu B. Anand-Srivastava, Ph.D., University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
VSMC from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) exhibit enhanced proliferation and hypertrophy. We earlier showed that small peptide fragments of cytoplasmic domain of natriuretic receptor-C (NPR-C) attenuate vasoactive peptide-induced hyperproliferation and hypertrophy of VSMC, the key players of vascular remodeling. MORE» |
REVASCULARIZATON IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS: OPTIMAL APPROACH IN 2017
Gregory W. Barsness, M.D., Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a growing worldwide problem, affecting 28 million patients in the US, with another 80 million at risk due to obesity and related disorders. Diabetes mellitus is associated with significant health and social costs, with an estimated annual economic toll of $322 billion dollars in the US. MORE»
|
DEVELOPMENT OF BIODEGRADABLE NANOFIBROUS DRUG-ELUTING STENTS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Sukhwinder Bhullar, Ph.D., Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey and University of Victoria,
Victoria, BC, Canada
Drug-eluting stents are implanted for opening up narrowed or blocked arteries to restore blood flow. Coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction are often treated by catheterization and stenting prior to the open-heart bypass surgery. Surgical stenting opens up arteries blocked with plaque, esophageal cancer, airways blocked due to lung cancer, and weakening of the vessel wall. MORE»
|
DAPAGLIFLOZIN ATTENUATES DIABETIC CARDIOMYOPATHY AND THE ACTIVATION OF THE NLRP3/ASC INFLAMMASOME IN MICE WITH TYPE-2 DIABETES: A GLUCOSE-LOWERING AND SGLT-2 INDEPENDENT EFFECT
Yochai Birnbaum, M.D., UTMB, Galveston, Texas, USA
Purpose: We assessed whether 1) Dapagliflozin (Dapa, an SGLT2-inhibitor) attenuates the deterioration of heart function and inflammasome activation in diabetic mice. 2) the effects can be augmented with saxagliptin (Saxa), a DDP4-inhibitor. 3) Dapa effect is possibly SGLT2-independent on cardiofibroblasts in-vitro. MORE»
|
NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: RELATIVE RISKS FROM THE PRECISION TRIAL
Jeffrey S. Borer, M.D., SUNY Downstate Medical Center and College of Medicine, Brooklyn and New York, NY, USA
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are prescribed frequently. By 2005 observational studies and small randomized trials suggested excess cardiovascular (CV) adversity with some NSAIDs. Rofecoxib, a COX-2 selective NSAID, reportedly caused relatively frequent CV adversity; effects of celecoxib, also COX-2 selective, were unclear. MORE» |
SEX DIFFERENCES IN THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN D ON INFLAMMATORY HEART DISEASE: PROTECTIVE IN WOMEN BUT DAMAGING IN MEN
Katelyn A. Bruno, Ph.D., Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
An estimated 1 billion people worldwide have deficient or insufficient levels of vitamin D (VitD), while roughly 25% of individuals in the US are reported to have inadequate VitD levels. Considerable evidence indicates that VitD deficiency is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet it remains unclear whether low VitD is simply a biomarker of CVD or has a true pathologic role. MORE»
|
IS IT TIME TO RETHINK OUR MODEL OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND STROKE?
T. Jared Bunch, M.D., Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute, Murray, UT, USA
Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained arrhythmia in clinical practice and the leading cause of disabling strokes in developed countries. The CHADS2 and CHA2DS2VASc scores are intended for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) as a tool for assessing stroke risk. MORE» |
HEALTHY WEIGHT, HEALTHY EATING AND ACTIVE LIFESTYLE REDUCE THE RISK OF HEART DISEASE AND STROKE
Harpal S. Buttar, Ph.D., University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Developed and developing countries are facing epidemic increase in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), obesity, diabetes mellitus, arthritis, degenerative disorders of CNS, respiratory illnesses and cancer. MORE»
|
NEW ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC PREDICTORS OF SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH
Michael E. Cain, M.D., University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
Each year, sudden cardiac death (SCD) claims the lives of 180,000 to 450,000 Americans. During the past 20 years, strategies for prevention of SCD have focused on a subset of patients with coronary artery disease and have relied on the predictive power of low left ventricular ejection fractions (less than 35%) to determine candidacy for an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). MORE» |
LOW DOSE IGF1 FOR CARDIAC CYTOPROTECTION AND REPAIR FROM MOUSE TO MAN
Noel M. Caplice, M.D., Ph.D., University College Cork, Ireland
IGF1 is an endogenous pro-survival peptide within the adult heart. We have previously identified low dose IGF1 (LD-IGF1) as a potent paracrine factor secreted from endothelial progenitor cells known to facilitate cardiac repair post myocardial infarction (MI). MORE» |
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC QUANTITATION OF MITRAL REGURGITATION
Hari P. Chaliki, M.D.,
Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
Mitral regurgitation (MR), either acute or chronic, can be due to valvular pathology or the supporting apparatus or ventricular pathology. Currently, echocardiography is used in most cases to determine the etiology and severity of MR. MORE» |
PERICARDIAL CYSTS- REVISITED
Yzhar Charuzi, M.D.,
Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
Pericardial cyst (PC) is usually an incidental finding and commonly left as a footnote unless associated with symptom. PC is a rare congenital anomaly and symptoms mostly related to compression were described. MORE»
|
NEW CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS AND ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION
Changyi Johnny Chen, M.D., Ph.D.,
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including heart disease, stroke and other vessel-related diseases are the leading global cause of death, accounting for more than 17.3 million deaths per year, a number that is expected to grow to more than 23.6 million by 2030. MORE»
|
IMPROVEMENT IN QUALITY OF CARE FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN GET WITH THE GUIDELINES — ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (GWTG-AFIB)
Anne B. Curtis, M.D., University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
Get With The Guidelines (GWTG) is a quality improvement program that has demonstrated improvement in the management of heart failure, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Recently, GWTG developed an atrial fibrillation (AF) module that has been adopted by 79 hospitals across the U.S. MORE»
|
mTOR SIGNALING IN DIABETES AND MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Anindita Das, Ph.D.,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a conserved serine/threonine kinase, plays a crucial role in integrating cellular and environmental cues that modulate cell metabolism, growth, proliferation, survival and homeostasis. MORE» |
CO2 WATER-BATH AS A NOVEL THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE IN DIABETES
Naranjan S. Dhalla, Ph.D., M.D.,
Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
Background and Objectives: Peripheral artery disease is commonly seen in diabetic subject; however, no satisfactory intervention is available for its treatment. This study examined the effects of CO2 water-bath therapy on blood flow in the ischemic hind limb of diabetic animals. MORE»
|
STATIN MODIFIES THE ASSOCIATION OF FISH CONSUMPTION WITH RISK OF HEART FAILURE: THE PHYSICIANS’ HEALTH STUDY
Luc Djousse, M.D.,
Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Background: While previous studies have reported a lower risk of heart failure (HF) with fish intake or omega-3 fatty acids, it is unclear whether statin modifies the fish-HF relation. Objective: To test the hypothesis that statin modifies the association of fish consumption with HF risk in male physicians. MORE» |
IL-1 INDUCES CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA IN DIABETES THROUGH ROS REGULATION
Samuel C. Dudley, M.D., Ph.D., Brown University, The Miriam and Rhode Island Hospitals, Providence, RI, USA
Background: Diabetes is associated with prolonged QT interval and high risk of sudden cardiac death. A recent publication shows that cardiac macrophage-derived IL-1ß causes QTc prolongation and increases arrhythmic risk in diabetes. Nevertheless, how IL-1ß signals arrhythmic risk is unclear. MORE»
|
EVALUATION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN OBESE PATIENTS. THE ROLE OF NON-INVASIVE CARDIAC IMAGING
Abdou Elhendy, M.D., Ph.D.,
Marshfield, WI, USA
The risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and subsequent morbidity is increased in obese patients. Furthermore, obesity may mimic or mask manifestation of cardiovascular disease. MORE»
|
SEX DIFFERENCES IN BIOMARKERS OF HEART FAILURE
DeLisa Fairweather, Ph.D., Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
Background: Our preclinical animal and preliminary clinical data indicate that sex differences exist for a number of sera biomarkers of heart failure in myocarditis and acute dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients. MORE»
|
ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES: A ROLE FOR INFLAMMATION AND ITS RESOLUTION
Janos G. Filep, M.D.,
University of Montreal, Montreal, and Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
Inflammation contributes to many of the characteristics of plaques from nascent lesions to rupture of fibrous cap that precipitate acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Substantial evidence supports that inflammatory pathways govern the collagen metabolism, macrophage polarization, generation of lipid/necrotic core, microscopic calcification and outward remodeling, characteristic features of the unstable plaque. MORE»
|
WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT CARDIAC REMODELING
A. Martin Gerdes, Ph.D.,
New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, USA
The "Age of Cardiac Remodeling" began in the mid-1990s with the realization that drugs leading to improved ventricular remodeling were doing something remarkable in cardiac patients. This created an experimental need for high quality assessment of changes in cardiac tissue composition, including myocyte shape, myocardial fibrosis/collagen, and vascular remodeling. MORE»
|
THROMBOEMBOLIC COMPLICATIONS OF ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM: PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS AND LESSONS FROM PRINZMETALS ANGINA
S. David Gertz, M.D., Ph.D., The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Intraluminal (mural) thrombus (ILT) is reportedly found in up to 70-80% of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Statistically, critical occlusion of the aorta and distal thromboembolic events are relatively rare components of the overall threat posed by ILT in AAA. MORE»
|
CARDIAC RYANODINE RECEPTOR CHANNELOPATHY
Minoru Horie, M.D., Ph.D.,
Shiga University of Medical Sciences, Otsu, Japan
In cardiac Ca handling, ryanodine receptor (RyR) channel plays a key role. The channel is encoded by RYR2 gene, encompassing 105 exons on chromosome 1q43, and is expressed on sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). MORE»
|
BETA3-ADRENOCEPTORS, CATECHOLAMINES AND STRESS
Daniela Jezova, M.D., Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
It is well known that beta-adrenergic stimulation is a significant regulatory mechanism in the heart. Beta3 subtype of adrenergic receptors localized also in the human heart may protect the myocardium against adverse effects of excessive catecholamine stimulation. MORE»
|
BLOOD UREA NITROGEN REFLECTS THE COMPLEXITY OF CARDIORENAL INTERACTIONS IN HEART FAILURE
Amir Kazory, M.D., University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
The non-osmotic release of arginine-vasopressin, concurrent with activation of the sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system are thought to represent the maladaptive response that is central to the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF). MORE»
|
EVIDENCE-BASED USE OF HANDHELD ULTRASOUND IN CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY
Ilan Kedan, M.D., Cedars Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Background: Ultrasound technology is central to diagnosis, treatment, management, and prognosis in the field of clinical cardiology. Applications of cardiovascular ultrasound and vascular ultrasound have long been used as the established standard of care. MORE» |
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF EXAGGERATED BLOOD PRESSURE
Peter Kokkinos, Ph.D., Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, Georgetown University School of Medicine, George Washington University School, University of South Carolina, USA
During physical work or exercise, systolic blood pressure (SBP) rises progressively with increased workload and plateaus at approximately 180-200 mm Hg, while diastolic BP remains close to or even lower than resting levels. MORE» |
CHITOTRIOSIDASE AS A NON-LIPID MARKER OF ATEROSCLEROSIS AND PROGNOSTIC FACTOR IN CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS
Tatiana A. Korolenko, Ph.D.,
Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
Objectives. The search of new serum non-lipid markers of atherosclerosis and predictors of cardiovascular events is important in contemporary society. The aim: to evaluate the activity of serum chitotriosidase (CHIT1) and compare it with inflammatory (hs-CRP) and common lipid markers in patients with atherosclerosis. MORE»
|
AHA'S CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH METRICS, COPD, AND CVD
Hwa Mu Lee, M.D., University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
The American Heart Association (AHA) defined seven key metrics of cardiovascular health called “Life’s Simple 7” based on current smoking status, body mass index, physical activity, healthy diet score, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting glucose. MORE»
|
DIFFERENTIAL ROLES OF MITOPHAGY IN THE HEART UNDER FASTING AND DIABETIC CONDITIONS
Qiangrong Liang, M.D., Ph.D., New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, USA
Mitochondria not only provide energy for cardiac contraction but also regulate the survival and death of cardiomyocytes. A pool of healthy mitochondria is maintained by several coordinated quality control mechanisms including mitophagy, a process that degrades dysfunctional mitochondria through the autophagy-lysosome pathway. MORE»
|
MODIFIED MYXOMAVIRAL SERPIN REACTIVE CENTER LOOP (RCL) PEPTIDE IMPROVES SURVIVAL AND OUTCOMES IN AN ACCELERATED LETHAL MOUSE INFLAMMATORY VASCULITIC SYNDROME MODEL
Alexandra R. Lucas, M.D.,
Biodesign Institute/ Arizona State University, Arizona & St Joseph’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
Introduction: Inflammatory vascular syndromes (IVS), giant cell arteritis and Takayasu’s disease, are rare but devastating arterial disorders. Mouse gamma herpesviral (MHV68) infection in interferon gamma receptor knockout mice (IFNγR-/-) is a model for a lethal IVS. MORE» |
ANGIOGRAPHIC CONTRAST-INDUCED VASCULAR AND RENAL TOXICITY A NANOMEDICAL APPROACH
Tadeusz Malinski, Ph.D., Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
Background: Use of contrast media (CM) in angiography creates a paradoxical dilemma. Adsorption of CM molecules on endothelial cells is necessary to produce an x-ray image of the vasculature, but the adsorption process itself may contribute to cell dysfunction and serious vascular and renal damage. MORE»
|
INTERVENTIONS FOR STROKE PREVENTION: WHAT IS A CARDIOLOGIST TO DO?
James D. Marsh, M.D., University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
Atherosclerosis in the carotid artery is a common cause of stroke in North America. For those with a prior transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke, data from 20 years ago indicates a high 90 day risk of recurrence of 12-20%. MORE» |
|
|
|
|
|
CARDIOLOGY ONLINE NEWS |
|
| 22nd WORLD CONGRESS ON HEART DISEASE |
|
ARE LOW DOSES OF DIRECT-ACTING ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS JUSTIFIED AND APPROPRIATE IN PATIENTS WITH NONVALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION?
Antoni Martinez-Rubio, M.D., Ph.D.,
Univ. Hosp. of Sabadell, Univ. Autonoma of Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
The novel direct-acting oral anticoagulants (NOAC) (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban and edoxaban) overcome most drawbacks of vitamin K antagonists and have proven efficacious and safe in well-designed multicenter randomized clinical trials. MORE» |
INFLAMMATION, AUTOPHAGY AND MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA
Jawahar L. Mehta, M.D., Ph.D., University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and CAVHS, Little Rock, AR, USA
Inflammation is present in the heart soon after acute myocardial infarction and continues during the chronic stage. Autophagy is a physiologic process for tissue survival. We hypothesized that inflammation may promote cardiomyocyte autophagy and protect cardiomyocytes from death during the ischemic process. MORE» |
SUTURELESS VALVE ASSOCIATED A MINIMALLY INVASIVE APPROACH COVERS THE GAP BETWEEN TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION AND CONVENTIONAL AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT
Antonio Miceli, M.D., Ph.D,
Istituto Clinico Sant’Ambrogio, Gruppo Ospedaliero San Donato, Milano, Italy
Aortic valve replacement with sutured stented valve is the treatment of choice in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis. This surgical approach has shown excellent mortality, morbidities and long-term survival. MORE» |
BIOELECTRIC STIMULATION FOR ORGAN REGENERATION
Leslie W. Miller, M.D., Leonhardt Ventures, Tampa, FL, USA
One of the biggest limitations to the benefit of stem cell therapy for organ regeneration is the very brief time (hours to days) that cells remain in the target organ post delivery. The body has a number of electrical fields as evidenced by an EKG. MORE» |
ASPIRIN FOR THE PRIMARY PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: ADVANCES IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Samia Mora, M.D., Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
For the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease with aspirin therapy, decisions regarding aspirin use should be personalized, balancing the benefit: risk ratio and patient preferences. MORE» |
UPDATE ON CHEST COMPRESSION ONLY CPR FOR WITNESS CARDIAC ARREST VICTIMS
Mohammad-Reza Movahed, M.D., Ph.D., CareMore, University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
Absence of bystander-initiated resuscitation efforts, survival is rare. Yet the greatest impediment to the initiation of bystander resuscitation efforts is the aversion to or the complicated nature of mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. This is why our group in Arizona has been advocating chest-compression-alone bystander resuscitation since the early 1990s. MORE» |
VADS IN THE ELDERLY: A VIABLE OPTION
Nandini Nair, M.D., Ph.D., Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
Objectives: To assess the utility of permanent left ventricular assist devices (LVADS) in patients aged > 80 years.
Background: The gold standard for advanced heart failure is still cardiac transplantation. MORE»
|
BEYOND SLICING AND DICING: CYSTEINE PROTEASE CATHEPSIN K A NOVEL TARGET FOR CARDIOMETABOLIC DISEASE
Sreejayan Nair, Ph.D., University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
Cathepsin K is a lysosomal cysteine protease with potent collagenolytic and elastolytic properties. Elevated levels of cathepsin K have been reported in both human and animal models of heart failure. Studies from our lab have demonstrated that global deletion of cathepsin K attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction in a variety of animal models... MORE» |
LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACID IS THE CULPRIT MOLECULE INVOLVED IN BOTH ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND IN CANCER
Mohamad Navab, Ph.D.,
David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, USA
Oxidized lipids have long been implicated in systemic inflammation and the resulting cardiovascular complications. One of the potent metabolites during lipid oxidation is lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). MORE»
|
UTILIZATION OF 3-D MAPPING FOR SUCCESSFUL ABLATION OF TYPICAL ATRIAL FLUTTER
Hakan Paydak, M.D., University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
Objectives: Achieving bidirectional isthmus block (BIB) along the cavo-tricuspid isthmus (CTI) is crucial for successful atrial flutter (AFL) ablation and also to prevent recurrence. BIB can be demonstrated by utilizing intra-cardiac electro grams while pacing on both sides of the presumed isthmus block. MORE» |
BIG DATA IN CARDIOLOGY - WHERE WE SHOULD BE GOING AND WHY?
Rahul Potluri, M.D., Aston Medical School, Birmingham, UK
Big data collection, analysis and analytics are changing the modern world. In healthcare, medical and cardiovascular research, the concept of big data is in its infancy. I am the founder of the ACALM (Algorithm for Comorbidities, Associations, Length of stay and Mortality) and we have been utilising the concepts of big data... MORE»
|
LOW SERUM LEVELS OF SOLUBLE RECEPTOR FOR ADVANCED GLYCATION END PRODUCTS IS NOT AN UNIVERSAL BIOMARKER FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Kailash Prasad, M.D., Ph.D., University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
Interaction of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are heterogeneous group of irreversible adducts formed from non-enzymatic glycation of proteins, nucleic acid, and lipids with reducing sugars. Interaction of AGEs with its cell-bound receptor RAGE (receptor for AGEs) increases the expression of inflammatory mediators... MORE» |
THE CLINICAL IMPORTANCE OF CARDIAC CALCIFICATIONS
Gregg S. Pressman, M.D., Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Cardiac calcifications are frequently noted on routine clinical echocardiography. They’re particularly common in older patients and those with renal disease. MORE» |
WHY IT IS TIME TO ABANDON THE ALMOST 100 YEAR OLD WAYS TO ADJUST THE QT INTERVAL FOR HEART RATE AND ADOPT A NEW MODERN APPROACH
Simon W. Rabkin, M.D., University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Assessment of the QT interval is an important marker for drug-induced cardiac toxicity and risk of sudden death. The most frequently used formulae to correct the QT for heart rate (QTc) were developed, almost 100 years ago in 1920 by Bazett (QTcBZT) using the square root of the heart rate... MORE» |
WnT SIGNALING IN ATHEROSCLEROSIS: THE OSTEOCARDIOLOGY GO/ NO GO THEORY
Nalini M. Rajamannan, M.D., Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Recent epidemiological studies have revealed the risk factors associated for vascular atherosclerosis, including male gender, smoking, hypertension and elevated serum cholesterol, are similar to the risk factors associated with development of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD), calcific aortic disease (CAD) and coronary artery calcification (CAC). MORE» |
NUTRACEUTICALS IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Dipak P. Ramji, Ph.D., Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
Objectives: To investigate the effects of nutraceuticals on key processes associated with atherosclerosis in vitro and in vivo. Background: Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the vasculature in which macrophages play key roles at all stages and represent promising therapeutic targets. MORE» |
CARDIOVASCULAR MECHANISMS OF EXERCISE INTOLERANCE IN DIABETES AND THE ROLE OF SEX
Judy G. Regensteiner, Ph.D.,
University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with decreased exercise capacity (EC). Decreased EC in T2D is important because it confers increased risk for premature mortality and may represent very early evidence of cardiovascular (CV) impairment. MORE» |
THE SPASMOGENIC ACTION OF THE PROTEASOME INHIBITOR CARFILZOMIB ON ARTERIAL AND VENOUS CONDUITS FROM PATIENTS UNDERGOING CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT SURGERY IS ACCENTUATED BY PREEXISTING TYPE II DIABETES
Tiziano M. Scarabelli, M.D., Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia, USA
Carfilzomib (CFZ) is a proteasome inhibitor recently approved in the US for the treatment of relapsed/ refractory multiple myeloma. Its most severe side effects include sudden death, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure and myocardial ischemia. MORE» |
TREATMENT OF ARRHYTHMIAS IN THE ELDERLY: SPECIFIC AGE RELATED CONSIDERATIONS
S. Karlheinz Seidl, M.D., Klinikum Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Deutschland
The increasing pressure of caring for an aging population has an enormous impact on the health community. Atrial fibrillation – the arrhythmia of the elderly and interventional therapy like catheter ablation, ICD implantation in elderly and battery replacement in patients older than 85 years will concern us more and more in the future. MORE»
|
EMERGING ROLE OF CELLULAR THERAPY (STEM CELL THERAPY) IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Rakesh K. Sharma, M.D., University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
The regenerative potential of stem cells offers an enormous impact on clinical applications in the management of cardiovascular diseases. There are multiple factors for success of cellular therapy for coronary artery disease or cardiomyopathy such as mode of delivery, retention of stem cells in ischemic tissue, microvascular plugging, bio-distribution, homing to ischemic tissues and paracrine function of stem cells. MORE» |
Na+-H+ EXCHANGER 1 DETERMINES ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESION ACIDIFICATION AND PROMOTES ATHEROGENESIS
Guo-Ping Shi, SC.D., D.SC.,
Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
The pH in atherosclerotic lesions varies between individuals. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) activates the macrophage Na+-H+ exchanger (Nhe1), acidifies the extracellular milieu, and induces cell apoptosis. The pH-sensitive pHrodo probe identifies acidic regions in human and murine atherosclerotic lesions that colocalize with macrophages, IgE, and cell apoptosis. MORE» |
CARDIOVASCULAR RISKS OF RECREATIONAL MARIJUANA USE
Jamshid Shirani, M.D.,
St. Luke’s University Health Network, PA, USA
Social acceptability, availability, and regional legalization of recreational marijuana (cannabis) have caused a dramatic increase in its use across the United States. In 2014, ~22.2 million individuals aged 12 years and older were considered current users of marijuana and 4.2 million met the diagnostic criteria for abuse of or dependence on cannabis in the U.S. MORE» |
IL-10 AND TOLL LIKE RECEPTORS 2 AND 4 IN CARDIAC STRESS CONDITIONS
Pawan K. Singal, Ph.D.,
St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Aims: It has been suggested that TLR4 promotes IL-10-mediated cardiac cell survival while TLR2 is detrimental. However, the role of these TLRs and their downstream signaling molecules in response to different stresses is not completely known. MORE»
|
CYCLIC AMP ATTENUATES ANGIOTENSIN INDUCED EXPRESSION OF EGR-1 VIA PKA-DEPENDENT PATHWAY IN VSMC
Ashok K. Srivastava, Ph.D., CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
cAMP has been shown to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and exerts a vasculoprotective effect. An upregulation of the early growth response protein-1 (Egr-1) expression has been linked with the development of atherosclerosis and intimal hyperplasia. MORE» |
LEADLESS PACEMAKERS
Komandoor S. Srivathsan, M.D.,
Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
Pacemakers require contiguous electrical wires from energy source to induce cardiac stimulation resulting in cardiac contraction. The battery source and electronic circuitry are in a far away location from the heart due to the utility of the leads. MORE»
|
MANAGEMENT OF STABLE ANGINA-EUROPEAN, CANADIAN, BRITISH AND AMERICAN SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY GUIDELINES: A CRITICAL APPRAISAL
Udho Thadani, M.D., OUHSC; Medical Center and VA Medical Center Oklahoma City, OK, USA
Patients with stable angina Pectoris (SAP) seek medical advice primarily for symptom relief and for fear of having a heart attack or dying suddenly. Clinical Guidelines from different countries to treat SAP vary considerably. Guidelines for treating SAP have been derived from randomized clinical trials in patients with documented coronary artery disease (CAD). MORE» |
CAN PRESENCE OF AORTIC PLAQUE PREDICT CORONARY HEART DISEASE?
Takanobu Tomaru, M.D., Toho University Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
Carotid arteriosclerosis has been shown to be associated with coronary artery disease(CAD), however, the association does not seem to be very close. On the other hand, presence of aortic plaque (AP) may be associated with generalized arteriosclerosis because arteriosclerosis has been shown to originate from lower aorta. MORE»
|
HOW TO PREDICT THE LONG-TERM OUTCOME OF NEW STENTS?
Yasunori Ueda, M.D., Ph.D.,
Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
It is well known that the short-term clinical outcome cannot predict the long-term outcome of drug-eluting stents (DES) from the experience of head-to-head comparison between Cypher and Endeavor stents, in which 1-year results were better for Cypher but 5-year results were extremely better for Endeavor stent. MORE» |
THE IMPORTANCE OF POST-PCI FFR: “IT’S NOT OVER ‘TIL IT’S REALLY OVER”
Barry F. Uretsky, M.D.,
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
The value of fractional flow reserve (FFR) in determining whether an intermediate stenosis lesion causes ischemia is well documented. Treating lesions with an ischemic FFR and deferring lesions with a non-ischemic FFR have been shown to improve long-term outcomes. MORE»
|
HEMODYNAMIC SUPPORT FOR HIGH RISK PCI AND CARDIOGENIC SHOCK: FINDING THE SWEET SPOT
George W. Vetrovec, M.D.,
VCU Pauler Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, VA, USA
Hemodynamic support (HD) requires decision-making related to device, timing of use, and appropriateness of use. Appropriate use is critical. Adopting a “wait and watch” or "getting by" philosophy potentially leads to less optimal results. MORE» |
REPETITIVE TRANSIENT ISCHEMIA-INDUCED CARDIAC ANGIOGENESIS IS MEDIATED BY CaMKIIi ACTIVATION
Yang-Gan Wang, M.D., Ph.D. , Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Background: Coronary angiogenesis is an important protective mechanism in response to myocardial ischemia in coronary artery disease. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. Here, we investigated the role of CaMKII activation in ischemia-induced cardiac angiogenesis. MORE»
|
GERIATRIC CARDIOLOGY: OCTOGENARIAN PEARLS
Nanette K. Wenger, M.D., Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
Approximately 70% of persons older than age 65 in the U.S. have cardiovascular disease, including 85% of those older than age 80. Although adults 75 years and older comprise only about 60% of the U.S. population, they account for > 50% of cardiovascular mortality. MORE» |
FOCUSED READING SESSIONS IMPROVE CORRELATION OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF RIGHT VENTRICULAR SYSTOLIC FUNCTION WITH RIGHT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION BY CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
Bo Xu, M.D., Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA
Background: Echocardiographic assessment of right ventricular (RV) systolic function is limited by the complex geometric shape of the right ventricle. Reliance on conventional longitudinal measures of RV systolic function (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), systolic tissue velocity (S’) may lead to inaccurate assessment of global RV systolic function. MORE»
|
NEW INSIGHTS INTO MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION INJURY - HOW TO DAMP-EN A RAGE-ING HEART
Zequan Yang,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
Background: Mechanisms underlying ischemia/reperfusion injury have been extensively investigated. However, treatments to reduce myocardial IRI have largely failed in the clinical application. Revisiting the mechanisms underlying IRI may provide new insights that may translate into more effective treatment regimens in the fight IRI. MORE» |
INCREASED VULNERABILITY OF FAILING HEARTS TO SYMPATHETIC STIMULATION INDUCED ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: THE ROLE OF RYANODINE RECEPTOR DYSFUNCTION
Youhua Zhang, M.D., Ph.D.,
New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine,
Old Westbury, NY, USA
Autonomic nervous system plays a critical role in atrial fibrillation (AF) arrhythmogenesis. Current experimental data regarding autonomic stimulation in AF are mainly derived from normal animals, indicating that vagal nerve stimulation (VS) is more arrhythmogenic than sympathetic stimulation (SS) in AF arrhythmogenesis. MORE»
|
|
|
